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Fluorspar and Inorganic Fluorine Compounds

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Published: December 2012

  • Abstract
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    Information
  • This report covers fluorspar and its major derivative, hydrofluoric acid, as well as providing additional data on aluminum fluoride, cryolite and fluosilicic acid. 

    Fluorspar is a mineral from which essentially all fluorine-based compounds are derived. From 2000 to 2011, world production increased at an average annual rate of 6.7%. This time period saw two recessions (2000–2001, 2008–2009), which hampered industrial production, and the increasing role of China and Mexico in the global fluorspar supply. Hydrofluoric acid consumes almost 50% of the global fluorspar supply, followed by use for aluminum smelting and steel manufacturing. 

    Although twenty countries have the ability to produce significant quantities of fluorspar, the majority of the world's fluorspar production has become concentrated in China, which accounted for 65% of world production in 2011. The next-largest producers—Mexico, Mongolia and South Africa—together contributed an additional 23% of world production in 2011. 

    The following pie chart shows world consumption of fluorspar:

    World Consumption Fluorspar

    World demand for fluorspar will grow at an average annual rate of almost 4.5% during 2012–2017. 

    Hydrofluoric acid is the most important chemical derived from fluorspar, accounting for almost 50% of global fluorspar consumption in 2011. Most of the world's hydrofluoric acid production capacity is in China, followed distantly by North America and Western Europe. It is the raw material for the production of fluorocarbons, which are used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and as a precursor to fluoropolymers and elastomers. In addition, hydrofluoric acid serves as a catalyst in petroleum alkylation, a process used for gasoline manufacture. Hydrofluoric acid is also used in metal treatment, uranium fuel production, and as a raw material in the manufacture of inorganic fluorine compounds, including most inorganic fluorides as well as elemental fluorine. World demand for hydrofluoric acid will grow at an average annual rate of almost 5% during 2012–2017.

    Aluminum fluoride is used in primary aluminum production. The majority of aluminum fluoride is captively produced at aluminum plants by the reaction of aluminum hydroxide with hydrofluoric acid or gaseous hydrogen fluoride as an intermediate during primary aluminum production. Acid-grade (over 97% CaF2) mineral fluorspar is the fluorine raw material source. As with hydrofluoric acid, China has become the world's largest producer of aluminum fluoride in the last few years. Aluminum production has been shifting and growing faster in regions where energy costs are lower. As this trend continues, most of the growth in aluminum fluoride will occur outside the traditional manufacturing areas of North America and Western Europe. The Middle East will be the fastest growing market for aluminum fluoride in the next five years. World demand for aluminum fluoride will grow at an average annual rate of just over 4% during 2012–2017.

  • Table of Contents

    Summary
    Fluorspar
    Hydrofluoric Acid
    Aluminum Fluoride
    Fluosilicic Acid (FSA)
    Introduction
    Manufacturing Processes
    Fluorspar
    Fluosilicic Acid/Silicofluoride Salts
    Hydrogen Fluoride/Hydrofluoric Acid
    Environmental Issues
    United States
    European Union
    Japan
    Hydrofluoric Acid Recycling, Disposal and Recovery of By-Products
    Supply and Demand by Region
    Fluorspar
    World
    Reserves and Resources
    Production
    United States
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Hydrofluoric acid
    Steel
    Aluminum fluoride
    Glass
    Iron and steel castings
    Other
    Price
    Trade
    Imports
    Exports
    Canada
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Trade
    Mexico
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Production
    Consumption
    Trade
    Western Europe
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Price
    Trade
    Imports
    Exports
    Central and Eastern Europe
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Production
    Consumption
    Trade
    Africa
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Production
    Consumption
    Trade
    Japan
    Producing Companies
    Consumption
    Price
    Trade
    China
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Price
    Trade
    Imports
    Exports
    Mongolia
    Producing Companies
    Production
    Consumption
    Trade
    Other Regions
    Iran
    Other Asia
    Other Fluorine Minerals
    Hydrofluoric Acid
    United States
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Fluorocarbon manufacture
    Petroleum alkylation catalysis
    Metal treatment
    Uranium fuel production
    Other
    Price
    Trade
    Canada
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Trade
    Mexico
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    South America
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Western Europe
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Fluorocarbons
    Fluoroaromatics
    Uranium tetrafluoride
    Other
    Price
    Trade
    Central and Eastern Europe
    Africa
    Middle East
    Japan
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Fluorocarbons
    Fluoboric acid and fluoborates
    Nitrogen trifluoride
    Lithium hexafluorophosphate
    China
    Producing Companies
    Salient Statistics
    Consumption
    Trade
    Other Asia
    India
    Republic of Korea
    Taiwan
    Aluminum Fluoride/Cryolite
    United States
    Canada
    Mexico
    South America
    Western Europe
    Central and Eastern Europe
    Africa
    Middle East
    Japan
    China
    India
    Indonesia
    Fluosilicic Acid
    United States
    Brazil
    Western Europe
    Japan
    China
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